A team of biologists from The University of Texas at Arlington has identified a new species of tiny lizard in the Paria Peninsula of northeastern Venezuela. The discovery, set to be published in the Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, showcases the distinct features of this gecko, such as its small size (approximately 2.5 inches), brown coloration, cone-shaped head, elongated snout, and unique skull structure.
The newly identified species, Pseudogonatodes fuscofortunatus, was recognized through a combination of visual examination, molecular genetics, and high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans. Its distinct skeletal features, such as fully separated nasal bones and fused parietal bones—rare characteristics among related geckos—set it apart. These unique traits, along with genetic data, differentiate it from other species within the Pseudogonatodes genus.
The discovery occurred during fieldwork in the evergreen forests on the slopes of mountains in the Paria Peninsula, a region in northeastern Venezuela that extends into the Caribbean Sea. Known for its high biodiversity, moderate temperatures, and dense vegetation, the area proved to be a rich habitat for this new species.
Researchers first collected specimens in 2002 and again in 2014. It was the gecko’s distinctive skull structure that prompted further study. The species name, fuscofortunatus, references both the gecko’s brown coloration and the fortunate circumstances surrounding its discovery.
“The Paria Peninsula, part of the Coastal Mountain Range of Venezuela, has been a hotspot for reptile and amphibian discoveries in recent decades,” said the study’s lead author Walter E. Schargel, a professor of instruction in biology and Earth and environmental sciences at UT Arlington.
“The region’s complex geography and climate create diverse habitats that can support a wide range of species. The new gecko species adds to the growing list of reptiles that live only in this area, emphasizing the need for continued exploration and conservation efforts in the region.”
The research team consisted of experts from institutions across the United States, Portugal, Spain, Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela. Their collaborative efforts, which included field observations, comparisons of museum specimens, DNA sequencing, and advanced imaging techniques, culminated in a thorough description of the new species.
“This discovery not only enriches our understanding of the biodiversity in this part of Venezuela, but it underscores the significance of preserving these unique ecosystems,” said Dr. Schargel. “I hope this discovery fuels increased conservation measures to protect the habitats of this rare species and other native species in the region.”
The study underscores the potential for further discoveries in the Paria Peninsula and similar regions, where numerous animal species are still undocumented. The application of modern technologies, such as CT scanning and molecular genetic analysis, is pivotal in revealing the hidden diversity of life on Earth. These tools provide valuable insights into the evolutionary history and ecological adaptations of these remarkable creatures.
